Intervenções fisioterapêuticas na melhora do equilíbrio e prevenção de quedas em idosos com Parkinson : uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

Global population aging leads to an increase in chronic diseases such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), which significantly affects balance and increases the risk of falls in the elderly. Physiotherapy plays a key role in preventing falls in this population. This study conducted a systematic literature review to assess the effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions in improving balance and preventing falls in elderly individuals with PD. The research, of a qualitative and quantitative nature, sought to identify and analyze scientific articles in databases such as PubMed, SciELO, BVS and Cochrane, published between 2001 and 2024 (with a focus on 2019-2024), in English, Portuguese and Spanish. The methodology followed the PRISMA guidelines. Preliminary results indicate that balance training, muscle strengthening and gait training with visual/auditory feedback demonstrate effectiveness. The most effective approaches combine strength, balance and feedback, with continuous interventions lasting at least 12 weeks. Despite advances, there are still gaps in the literature, such as the need for studies with larger samples and longer duration. This study contributes to the optimization of clinical practice, summarizing the best physiotherapy practices for this population.