A relação mãe-bebê e a constituição psíquica do sujeito à luz da psicanálise

Abstract

For Lacan, the subject is constructed in the field of the Other. This Other, with initial capitalized in Lacanian terminology, is a fundamental symbolic element for the structure psychic and is occupied by someone who, in the early days of the subjective constitution of the baby offers senses and meanings to his manifestations. The mother, most of the time, takes on the role of caregiver and psychic organizer of the baby, occupying the place from the other. Based on this, the objective of this research is to identify, based on the psychoanalytic theory analysis, how the subject is constituted from the mother-baby relationship and what is the place of the maternal function in this process. The study comes from a bibliographical review taking as references psychoanalysis authors who discuss the mother-baby relationship and the psychic constitution of the subject, with Lacan as the protagonist of the discussion. A mother, or whoever assumes the position of agent of the maternal function, is responsible for meeting the baby's primary and psychic needs, naming their experiences. It's from there that in the early stages of life a relationship of dependence is established, inaugurating a symbolic encounter between the baby and the maternal Other. It was possible to identify that care offered to the baby inaugurates the first psychic records in the body and language, which accompany the subject throughout life.