Impacto da variação cambial no fluxo de caixa da empresa: estudo do fluxo de caixa de uma unidade de negócio em uma empresa do ramo de comércio internacional

Abstract

For the realization of the strategic planning is extremely important to know the behavior of the cash flow of the company, without it none of the decisions can be made safely. In recent months the Brazilian economy has been suffering with the elevation of the exchange rates for the US dollar X BRL currency and the devaluation of our currency in the international market, affecting all productive areas, especially importers. In the importing companies that impact is even greater, since most of the company's costs are tied to the dollar and its exchange rate. But at such currency volatility, how to predict the impacts of this variation in the cash flow of an importing company? Through a bibliographic, descriptive and documental analysis of an international trading company, located in the city of Natal / RN, and documents provided by official bodies, the present study intends to carry out the historical survey of the exchange rate between the years 2014 and 2015 and their impact on import process started and completed between the years cited in the company in question. On the information gathered in the study, we can identify an increase of up to 18% of operating costs arising from the foreign exchange market fluctuation, and during the analysis period an increase of 2.55% over the cost of acquisition of goods during the whole period. These costs due to the the foreign currency valuation have no protection tools, as the exchange rate hedging tools used in the market only works for the protection for the payment of international suppliers and not for the moment the goods enter the national territory, rate used to measure the loss or exchange earned by government agencies.