Violência obstétrica física e emocional no Brasil: análise acerca do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana

Abstract

Obstetric violence is characterized by abusive and inhumane practices suffered by women during prenatal care, childbirth, and postpartum, manifesting verbally, psychologically, physically, or sexually. In this context, this research aims to analyze how the law can act as an effective instrument in confronting obstetric violence, reaffirming the constitutional principle of human dignity and the need for respect for the integrity of women in vulnerable situations. To this end, the methodology used will be qualitative, with an exploratory and descriptive approach, based on the analysis of scientific articles, doctrinal works, legislation, data from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Ministry of Health. The study highlights Bill No. 422/2023, which proposes integrated public policies for the prevention and combat of obstetric violence. The results indicate that, although there are normative advances, there are still structural and cultural challenges, such as the lack of information among victims and the inefficiency of the health system. The research concludes that the eradication of this violence depends not only on the creation of laws, but also on empathy, professional training, oversight, and effective public policies that promote a more humane, safe, and respectful childbirth, guaranteeing dignity and justice to Brazilian women.