A naturalização da violência obstétrica como violação aos direitos humanos e fundamentais da mulher

Abstract

Obstetric violence is a gender violence, occurring in hospital environment, may it happen before, during or after childbirth or abortion. This situation can happen in a physical way, psychological, verbal, symbolic or sexual, through excessive drugs, practice of unrecognized, recommended or scientifically proven medical treatments, pathologization of natural processes or either in inappropriate comments. Indirectly, the Federal Constitution regulates obstetric violence, along with international treaties to which Brazil is a signatory. Therefore, the parturient woman has rights, whether these are guaranteed by Brazilian law, or within human and fundamental rights. Thus, this work aims to analyze the violation of human and fundamental rights - of women - in view of the naturalization of obstetric violence in Brazil, under the aspects of Brazilian law and according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Public Ministry 3 of Health. For that, it will be presented the concept and explanation about what is obstetric violence, classifying it as kind of gender violence, as well as some theses of why it is so common, but little recognized in society. Thus, this work has as a scientific methodology (the deductive method), with the analysis of what is obstetric violence and the reasons for its naturalization in society, in addition of the use of techniques such as the theoretical bibliography, supporting research and documents and documentary research. As results, it was realized that - despite the frequency in which obstetric violence happens - this reality is little known, ignored, and, often, seen as normal. Brazilian obstetrical medicine uses outdated techniques, and, proven to be repeatedly ineffective, against the recommendations of official health agencies. Finally, there is no specific law in the Brazilian legal system that protects those who suffer this kind of violence. The problem shows the relevance of the theme, given the lack of perception of women who have suffered or will suffer this violence.