Análise qualitativa e quantitativa do trabalho em altura e o gerenciamento dos riscos ocupacionais na construção civil na cidade de Natal/RN

Abstract

This research develops an approach to evaluating work at heights and occupational risk management in the construction sector in Natal – RN. Using a methodology that combines qualitative and quantitative analyzes using a questionnaire, the research seeks to understand how local companies deal with safety when working at heights, taking Regulatory Standard 35 (NR35) as a reference. The investigation covers aspects such as planning, organization of procedures, training, use of individual and collective protective equipment, in addition to the working conditions offered, aiming to identify occupational risks and present an analysis of the protection of workers developed by these companies. The study is based on an on-site analysis of six companies in the municipality, seeking to verify the application of safety regulations in activities carried out above two meters, as mentioned in NR35. The research also highlights the importance of verifying whether companies have and apply the Risk Management Program – PGR, mandatory to develop accident prevention actions, in addition to seeking to reduce negative impacts through accidents involving workers. The expected results include evaluating the actions taken by companies in order to contribute to improving workplace safety management and strengthening the policy to protect workers from the occupational risks involved with the activity. The research carried out at works, after evaluating the planning, organization and execution of the NR35 guidelines, concluded that safety standards are being applied by companies in accordance with what is established in the Risk Management Programs (PGRs ). Prevention measures for working at heights, such as the use of Fall Protection Systems (SPQ), anchoring devices and safety belts, are implemented with the aim of ensuring the safety of workers. However, the analysis highlighted that, despite the application of these measures, rigorous monitoring of safety conditions and continuous training of professionals are still essential for the effectiveness of safety practices when working at heights. The research also highlighted operational flaws in the works visited, such as the lack of adequate monitoring and the lack of formal identification of qualified workers. Furthermore, it was observed that some workers, due to overconfidence acquired through experience, neglect the regular use of safety devices, compromising safety in the work environment. The research also classifies the challenges related to the rejection of compliance with standards and monitoring processes, highlighting the need for more attentiv e educational training and occupational safety fiscal measures to ensure adequate compliance with occupational safety and health guidelines.