A responsabilidade dos municípios quanto à assistência à saúde e proteção dos animais

Abstract

The work in question addresses the responsibility of municipalities in health care and animal protection, with an emphasis on public policies and legislation applied in the municipality of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. The research analyzes the historical evolution of the relationship between humans and animals, highlighting the transformation from a utilitarian perspective to the recognition of animals as sentient beings, deserving of rights and dignity. In the legal sphere, important milestones are presented, such as the 1988 Federal Constitution and the Environmental Crimes Law (Law No. 9.605/1998), as well as municipal legislation, such as Law No. 5.601/2004 and Decree No. 12.490/2022, which consolidate protection and population control measures. The study also explores the intersection between public health and animal welfare, demonstrating that responsible management of urban fauna is essential to prevent zoonoses, ensure environmental balance and promote the population's quality of life. Through a bibliographic review with a qualitative approach, the work shows significant advances in the regulatory framework, but highlights challenges in implementing these policies, such as the scarcity of resources and the need for greater social engagement. It concludes that animal protection must be understood as an indispensable element for sustainable development and the construction of a harmonious coexistence between humans and animals.