Modernização eletrônica dos registros públicos com a Lei 14.382/2022: benefícios e desafios das serventias extrajudiciais de registro de imóveis do Rio Grande do Norte

Abstract

The present article seeks to analyze the relevance of Law No. 14,382/2022 and its contribution to the process of digitalization of the extracurricular activity, focusing on the Real Estate Registry attribution. This legislation established the Electronic System of Public Registers (SERP), which aims to enable the electronic registration of acts and promote interoperability, requiring compulsory integration into the National Operator of the Electronic Real Estate Registry System (ONR). The central problem addressed by this work consisted of analyzing the challenges imposed by the modernization of the Real Estate Registry activity in the Non-Judicial Notary Offices (Serventias Extrajudiciais) of Rio Grande do Norte (RN). The study examines the stage of adherence and the obstacles to the implementation of SERP/ONR in the state’s non-judicial offices. To this end, the hypothetical-deductive methodology was used, combining legislative analysis (Law No. 14,382/2022) with empirical data from a field survey carried out in 24 Real Estate Registry offices in the state. The results demonstrate that, although the totality of the interviewees (100%) is aware of the mandatory technological integration with SERP, the process faces multifaceted challenges. The most recurring barrier is financial/economic (33.3%), followed by operational problems with software (23.8%), and structural/technical and training/personnel issues (14.3% each). The research also revealed that 45.8% of the offices are unable to comply with the new legal deadline of four hours for the issuance of certificates, mainly due to the lack of automation and data centralization. Additionally, 54.2% of the offices still possess archives from the old Book No. 3 – Transcription of Transmissions, which demands a complex process of migration to enrollments (matrículas) and full digitalization. It is concluded that modernization in RN is an ongoing process that, despite the high level of awareness and adherence (41.7% integrated and 50% in the process of joining the ONR), depends on overcoming these structural and economic barriers to ensure the full effectiveness and uniformity of electronic services.